by

/baɪ/
preposition
  1. Indicating the person or thing that does something (in passive sentences).
    • The cake was baked by my grandmother.
    • This novel was written by a famous author.
    • The window was broken by a baseball.
  2. Indicating the means or method used to achieve something.
    • We traveled to the island by ferry.
    • He learned English by watching movies.
    • She paid for the groceries by credit card.
  3. Indicating a deadline or the end of a period of time.
    • Please finish your homework by Friday.
    • By the time we got there, the store had closed.
    • The package should arrive by noon.
  4. Indicating location near or beside something.
    • We parked the car by the entrance.
    • She lives by the river.
    • The cat sat by the window.
  5. Indicating the amount or degree of change or difference.
    • We missed the bus by just a minute.
    • The price of gas went up by 10 cents.
    • She is taller than her brother by two inches.
  6. Indicating the author or creator of a work.
    • This painting is by Vincent van Gogh.
    • The song was performed by a local band.
    • Have you read any books by J.K. Rowling?
  7. Indicating a unit of measurement or rate.
    • Eggs are sold by the dozen.
    • He gets paid by the hour.
    • The room is 10 feet by 12 feet.
  8. Indicating a standard or criterion for judging.
    • By law, you must wear a seatbelt.
    • She judged the contest by the rules.
    • By all accounts, he is a kind person.
Antonyms
adverb
  1. Past or beyond a point in space or time.
    • The parade marched by with loud music.
    • A car drove by while we were waiting.
    • Time goes by so quickly when you're having fun.
  2. In reserve or stored for later use.
    • We put some supplies by in case of a storm.
    • I always keep some extra cash by for emergencies.
    • She set the book by to read later.
Synonyms
noun
  1. A situation in which a competitor advances to the next round of a competition without playing, or an automatic pass.
    • She had a bye this week and didn't have to play.
    • Our team got a bye in the first round of the tournament.
    • The champion received a bye into the finals.
What does "by" mean? | whatsthatwordmean | whatsthatwordmean