eluviation

/ɪˌluːviˈeɪʃən/
noun
  1. The process by which water moving through soil or rock removes fine particles (such as clay, silt, or dissolved minerals) from one layer and carries them to a lower layer.
    • Heavy rainfall speeds up eluviation, washing fine particles deeper into the earth.
    • Scientists study eluviation to understand how nutrients move through the ground.
    • Eluviation can make the top layer of soil sandy and poor for growing crops.
Synonyms
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