gene

/dʒin/
noun
  1. A unit of heredity that is passed from parent to offspring and determines some characteristic of the offspring, such as eye color or height.
    • Scientists have identified a gene that may be linked to a higher risk of diabetes.
    • The gene for blue eyes is recessive, so both parents must carry it.
    • Every person has about 20,000 to 25,000 genes in their DNA.
  2. A part of a cell's DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or molecule.
    • The gene is activated when the cell needs to produce a particular enzyme.
    • A mutation in a single gene can cause a disease like cystic fibrosis.
    • Gene therapy aims to fix faulty genes by replacing them with healthy copies.