heliometer

/ˌhiliˈɑmɪtər/
noun
  1. A scientific instrument originally designed to measure the diameter of the sun, later used for measuring small angles in astronomy.
    • The museum displayed a 19th-century heliometer used in solar research.
    • Early heliometers were difficult to operate but provided precise data.
    • The astronomer used a heliometer to measure the sun's apparent diameter.