microstate

/ˈmaɪkroʊˌsteɪt/
noun
  1. A very small, independent country, especially one with a tiny land area and population.
    • Many microstates in Europe have special agreements with larger neighboring countries.
    • Vatican City is a famous microstate located entirely within Rome.
    • Monaco is a wealthy microstate known for its casinos and Grand Prix race.
  2. In physics and chemistry, one of the many possible arrangements of particles (such as atoms or molecules) that correspond to the same overall energy level or macrostate.
    • The entropy of a system is related to the number of possible microstates it can have.
    • Calculating all the microstates helps scientists understand how heat flows in a gas.
    • In thermodynamics, each microstate represents a specific distribution of energy among molecules.
Synonyms
What does "microstate" mean? | whatsthatwordmean | whatsthatwordmean