orthogenesis

/ɔrθoʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs/
noun
  1. A theory that evolution follows a predetermined direction or straight line, rather than being random.
    • Orthogenesis was a popular idea in the 19th century, but most scientists now reject it.
    • The fossil record was once interpreted as evidence of orthogenesis in horse evolution.
    • Some early biologists believed orthogenesis explained why certain traits became more pronounced over generations.