pluralism

/ˈplʊrəˌlɪzəm/
noun
  1. A situation in which people of different social classes, religions, races, etc., are together in a society but continue to have their own traditions and interests.
    • Political pluralism allows multiple parties to compete for power in a democracy.
    • The country's strength lies in its cultural pluralism, where many ethnic groups live side by side.
    • Teachers encourage pluralism by celebrating holidays from many different traditions.
  2. The belief that it is possible and good for different groups to live together in peace and with equal rights.
    • Many philosophers argue that pluralism is essential for a healthy society.
    • The school's curriculum promotes pluralism and respect for all viewpoints.
    • Religious pluralism means accepting that there are many valid paths to truth.
  3. In philosophy, the theory that there is more than one basic substance or principle in the universe.
    • Modern physics has moved toward a kind of pluralism with its many fundamental particles.
    • Pluralism in metaphysics rejects the idea that everything is made of just one kind of stuff.
    • The ancient philosopher Empedocles argued for pluralism, saying everything came from four elements.