recalcitrance
/rɪˈkælsɪtrəns/
noun
- The quality of being stubbornly uncooperative or resistant to authority or control.
- The horse's recalcitrance frustrated the trainer, who had hoped for a calm ride.
- The student's recalcitrance made it difficult for the teacher to manage the class.
- Despite several warnings, his recalcitrance toward safety rules led to an accident.
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