recalcitrancy

/rɪˈkælsɪtrənsi/
noun
  1. The quality of being stubbornly uncooperative or resistant to authority or control (less common variant of recalcitrance).
    • The recalcitrancy of the old mule made it impossible to lead it back to the barn.
    • The software's recalcitrancy to updates caused repeated system crashes.
    • Her recalcitrancy during the meeting annoyed everyone who wanted to reach a decision.
What does "recalcitrancy" mean? | whatsthatwordmean | whatsthatwordmean