refractory

/rɪˈfræktəri/
adjective
  1. Difficult to control or manage; stubborn or uncooperative.
    • The union faced a refractory group of workers who would not agree to the new contract.
    • The refractory child refused to follow any instructions from his teacher.
    • Dealing with a refractory horse requires patience and gentle training.
  2. Resistant to a process or treatment, such as heat, disease, or medical therapy.
    • Some bacteria become refractory to antibiotics after repeated exposure.
    • The engineers chose a refractory material to line the furnace.
    • This type of cancer is refractory to standard chemotherapy.
noun
  1. A substance, especially a ceramic or metal, that can withstand very high temperatures without breaking down.
    • Refractories are essential in the production of steel and glass.
    • The technician inspected the refractory for cracks after months of use.
    • The factory uses special refractories to line the inside of the kiln.
What does "refractory" mean? | whatsthatwordmean | whatsthatwordmean