syllogism

/ˈsɪləˌdʒɪzəm/
noun
  1. A form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each sharing a common term with the conclusion.
    • She constructed a syllogism to prove her point: all birds have feathers, a penguin is a bird, so a penguin has feathers.
    • The detective used a simple syllogism to solve the case: the butler was the only one without an alibi, so he must be the thief.
    • In logic class, we learned that 'All humans are mortal; Socrates is human; therefore, Socrates is mortal' is a classic syllogism.
  2. A deductive argument or chain of reasoning, especially one that is overly formal or simplistic.
    • The politician's speech relied on a faulty syllogism that didn't hold up under scrutiny.
    • Don't reduce the debate to a simple syllogism; there are many factors to consider.
    • His argument was just a tired syllogism that ignored real-world complexity.
Antonyms
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