toponym

/ˈtɑpəˌnɪm/
noun
  1. A place name, especially one that comes from a feature of the location or from a person's name.
    • Many towns in the United States have toponyms borrowed from European cities.
    • The word 'Broadway' is a toponym that originally described a wide road.
    • The study of toponyms helps historians understand how people named their surroundings.
Synonyms
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